课程内容

《专题-高考英语阅读理解（4）》
第二招：因果法
在句子或段落中，若两个事物或现象之间构成因果关系，考生可以根据这种逻辑关系推测生词词义。因果关系的语境，通常由because,so,therfore,so that,so/much...that...等连词体现
"But,"began Kim,"I feel that since you are my superior,it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do."
The word"presumptuous" in the passage is the closest in meaning to"( B ).
A full of respect
B too confident and rude
C lacking in experience
D too shy and quiet
第三招：语境线索法
在出现生词或词义不明确的文章中，有时能根据上下文中某些关键的单词、短语或句子推断出生词的含义。
第四招：利用对比线索
有时文章作者为了增强表达效果，会用一对反义词揭示事物的不同点，形成鲜明的对比，这时只要把握其中的一个词，就不难推出另一词的含义，这时句中多见unlike,although,but,yet,while,on the contrary,on the other hand,instead of,rather than等信息词。
"Unlike vitamin C,leadership skils can't be easily swallowed down.They must be carefully cultivated.
The underlined word "cultivated"roughly means (D).
A encourage     B compared   C examined   D developed
第五招：利用同义线索和同等关系
同义词替换可以为我们推测词义提供明显的语境线索。一些常见的引出同义词的标志性词语有or,like,similarly等。同等关系时指一个词、一组词或短语在句中作同一成分，而且它们的词义属同一范畴。只要我们认识其中一个或几个词或短语，即可确定同等关系中生词的词性、作用和大概意思。
Quietly,the graying of American has made us a very different society-one in which people have a quite different ideas of what kind of behavior(行为）is suitable at various ages.The underlined word"one"refers to(A).
A a society     B America    C a place    D population
第六招： 利用例证性线索
某些冷僻的词汇后会有一个例子，使词汇具体易懂。如such as,like,for example,for instance等连接性词语往往用来列举说明前面难理解的名词。
You can take any of the periodicals:The World of English,Foreign Language Teaching in School,or English Learning.
第七招：根据构词法
阅读中常会遇到一些由所熟悉的单词派生或含有的新词，可利用构词法知识来推测其意思。
The reasons for a visit to a lighthouse are not all so backward-looking in time.It is true that lighthouses were built in (out-of-the-way) places.But on a pleasant sunny summer day,this very isolation has a natural beauty that many people will love to experience.
The underlined phrase"out-of-the-way"means(A)
A far-away   B dangerous  C ancient   D secret
第八招利用词性转化
The (aging)of the population will affect American society in manys ways:education,medicine,and business.
The underlined word "aging"means(C).
A counting the number of years someone lives
B the numbers of years someone lives
C becoming older
D making someone looking older
阅读理解的主旨大意
此类题型要求考生在理解全文后归纳文章要点。文章是由段落组成的，段落的主体就是段落的中心思想。就一篇文章而言，具体段落的中心思想又是为文章整体的中心思想服务的。寻找中心思想的方法是：通过分析篇章结构，找出每小段的主题句，进而通过主题句归纳出文章的主题。
主旨大意题常见的设题形式有：
1）The main idea of the passage is ( ).
2)The conclusion we can draw from the story is( ).
3)Which of the following is the best title?
4)The main purpose of the story is to tell us( ).
专家支招
（第一招）根据文章首尾句抓大意
说明文、议论文多采用这种结构。文章段落的中心即主题句通常在文章的首尾句。因此，要寻找这类文章的主旨大意就需研究文章的首尾句。应当注意的是：考生在捕捉文章的主题句时，应该对包括主题句的段落进行适当分析。