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八年级英语下册Unit 8《Have you read Treasure Island yet?》(Section A 3a-3c)

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Unit 8《Have you read Treasure Island yet?》(Section A 3a-3c)
Have you read Robinson Crusoe?
英国作家笛福的《鲁滨孙漂流记》是英国文学史上最早的、最重要的长篇小说。小说描写了鲁滨孙在航海遇险,独自流落荒岛,面临绝境的情况下,以惊人的毅力同各种自然灾害和疾病作斗争而取得胜利的故事。
If you have, what do you know about this story?
Who is the main character?
How does the story begin?
What happened next?
Can you imagine his life on the island?
What could he do to protect himself?
3a. Read the passage based on Robinson Crusoe. Then answer the questions.
1. What does Robinson Crusoe wait for?
2. Why does Robinson Crusoe call the men Friday?
When I first arrived on this island, I had nothing. But I've found the ship and made a small boat. I've brought back many things I can use — food and drink, tools, knives and guns. Although I have lost everything, I have not lost my life. So I will not give up and I will wait for another ship. I have already cut down trees and built a house. I go out with my gun almost every day to kill animals and birds for food. I'm even learning to grow fruit and vegetables.
A few weeks ago, I found the marks of another man's feet on the sand. Who else is on my island? How long have they been here? Not long after that, I saw some cannibals trying to kill two men from a broken ship. One of them died but the other ran towards my house.
I helped him kill the cannibals. This man now lives with me and helps me. I named him Friday because that was the day I met him. He is smart and I have already taught him some English.
Language points
1. I have already cut down trees and built a house.
这是一个现在完成时的句子。already一般放在have或has和后面,实义动词的前面。是现在完成时的标志之一。
如:She has already finished her homework.
just,already,yet,before/ever,never有此类副词时,常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续。
e.g. Have you ______ been to Japan?
     I have ______ finished my homework.
     I have finished my homework ______.
     I haven't finished my homework ______.
already“已经”;yet“仍然,还”
这两个副词常常用于完成时态,其中already常用于肯定句,yet常用于否定句和疑问句中。
如:Jim has already finished his work.
    Jim已经把他的工作做完了。
    Mother hasn't come home yet. 妈妈还没回来。
    Haven't you read the call of the Wild yet?
    你还没读过《野性的呼唤》吗?
2. A few weeks ago, I found the marks of another man's feet on the sand.
a few weeks ago 几周前。ago常用于一般过去时中。
如:I met my best friend two days ago.
the marks of …的印记
如:Here are the marks of dog's feet.
3. How long have they been here?
how long是对时间的提问,其后的谓语动词要用延续性动词。其答语常用for或since短语回答。
如:-- How long have you studied here?
    -- For two years.
现在完成时中延续性动词和终止性动词
英语动词根据词义可分为两种,一种是延续性的,一种是终止性的。
终止性动词也可称为非延续性动词、瞬间动词或点动词,如:become,begin,buy,borrow,arrive,die,finish,get to know,go,join,marry,start,stop等。
终止性动词表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成,不能再延续,所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用,即不能与表示一段时间的状语,如for+时间段、since+时间点/从句连用,也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句。
I haven't seen him for two years.
我已经两年没见到他了。
She has taught us since last year.
自从去年起她教我们。
I have skated since I was four years old.
从我四岁时我就开始滑冰了。
4. I saw some cannibals trying to kill two men from a broken ship.
see sb doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事
see sb do sth. 看到某人经常或已经做了某事
如:I saw some boys playing on the playground just now.
5. He is smart and I have already taught him some English.
teach sb sth. 教某人某事
如:He teaches us Chinese.
Read the passage and translate the following phrases.
到达岛上  arrive on the island
做了一艘小船  make a small boat
丧失生命  lose one's life
放弃  give up
等待  wait for
砍树  cut down trees
建房子  build a house
带着…出去  go out with
学会种蔬菜和水果  learn to grow vegetables and fruit
几周前  a few weeks ago
…的标记  the marks of
之后不久  not long after that
一艘破船  a broken ship
一个…另一个  one...the other
和…一起生活  live with
一块陆地  a piece of land
在大海里  in the sea
另外一个人的足迹  another man's feet
3b. Read the passage again. Find words that have these meanings.
1. You can use these to shoot things: __________
2. Something you use to travel in the sea: __________
3. A piece of land in the middle of the sea: __________
4. You can use these to cut things: __________
5. Signs left behind by someone or something: __________
3c. Correct the sentences.
1. Robinson Crusoe arrived on the island with enough food and drink.
2. Friday made a small boat.
3. Robinson had some food and tools when he first arrived on the island.
4. Robinson used the ship to build his house.
5. Friday saw some marks of another man's feet on the beach.
6. Robinson tried to kill the two men.
Exercises
选择
1. -- Have you taken out the trash, Belly?
   -- ______. I'll do it right away.
   A. Sorry, I have    B. No, I didn't
   C. No, I don't      D. Not yet
2. -- Have you ______ visited Shanghai?
   -- No, ______.
   A. ever; not      B. never; not
   C. ever; never    D. never; ever
3. -- Could you go to the park with me this afternoon?
   -- Sorry. I ______ there. I went there yesterday.
   A. have gone    B. have been
   C. went         D. was
4. -- Have you washed your clothes ______?
   -- No, I haven't. But I have cleaned the room ______.
   A. ago; already    B. yet; yet
   C. before; yet     D. yet; already
5. I am a soldier. I ______ the army ______ about five years.
   A. have joined; since
   B. have joined; for
   C. have been in; for
   D. have been in; since
填空
1. They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问)
   ______ ______ have they been here?
2. The old man ______ last year. (die / dead)
   He ______ ______ ______ for a year. (die / dead)(选词填空)
3. This factory opened twenty years ago. (同义句转换)
   This factory ______ for twenty years.
4. Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)
   Miss Gao ______ ______ ______ ______ an hour.
5. Her mother has been a Party member for three years. (同义句)
   Her mother ______ the Party three years ______.
中考链接
(2010河北省卷,41.1)My brother left school in 2005, and since then he ______ in Beijing.
   A. lives        B. lived
   C. will live    D. has lived
(2010湖北省黄冈市,35.1)-- I joined the League ______ May, 2008. What about you?
  -- I've been a League member ______ three years.
   A. in; for    B. on; in
   C. on; for    D. in; since
(2011四川资阳)27. So far this year, many new houses ______ in Wenchuan with the help of the government.
   A. build         B. are built
   C. will build    D. have been built
Homework
Rewrite the story of Robinson Cruson.

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