课程内容

《What's the highest mountan in the world？》（Section A3 Grammar Focus-4c）
Grammar focus
What's the highest mountain in the world?
Qomolangma.
How high is Qomolangma?
It's 8,844.43meters high.It's higher than any other mountain.
Which is the deepest salt lake in the world?
The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes.
Did you knpw that China is one of the oldest countries in the world?
Yes,I did.It's much older than the US.
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
大多数形容词有三个级。
1.原级：
Structure:as……as…… 像……一样
e.g.Tim is as tall as Tom.
2.比较级（用于两者之间的比较）：
Structure:形容词比较级+than……
e.g.This box is bigger than that one.
3.最高级（用于三者或三者以上的比较）：Structure:
The+形容词的最高级+of/in……
e.g. Tom is the heaviest in our class.
He is the most popular in our school.
形容词、副词的比较级和最高级规则变化和不规则变化
规则变化
1）一般情况下，单间音节或双音节的形容词/副词比较级+er，最高级+est。如：
clever--cleverer--cleverest
2)以e结尾的词，比较级+r，最高级+st 即可。如：
nice--nicer--nicest
cutr--cuter--cutest
large--larger--largest
3)以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i+er或est
如：easy--easier--easiest
happy--happier--happiest
再如：early,busy,dirty,lazy也如此。
4）重读闭音节，单辅音结尾的，双写这个辅音字母+er或est的词。
①.fat--fatter--fattest
②.thin--thinner--thinnest
③.hot--hotter--hottest
④.red--redder--reddest
⑤.wet--wetter--wettest
⑥6.big--ibgger--biggest
5）多音节和部分双音节的词需要在形容词原级前+more构成比较级，+the most构成最高级。如：
beautiful--more beautiful--the most beautiful
又如：delicious,popular,important,interesting,expensive,creative
双音节的词如：
careful--more careful--the most careful 
useful--more useful--the most useful
少数单音节也是这样，如：
pleased--more pleased--the most pleased
tired--more tired--the most tired
b)不规则变化
good--brtter--best
well--better--best
bad--worse--worst
many/much--more--most
far--farther--farthest （距离远）
far--farther--farthest （程度深）
old--elder--eldest   （长幼）
old--elder--eldest   （年龄）
最高级的用法
1.三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the+最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。例如：
Zhang Hua is the tellest of the three.
He works (the)hardest in his class.
2.最高级可被序数词以及much,by,dar,neary,almost,by no means.not quite,not really,nothing like等词语所修饰。例如：
This hat is by far/much/nearly/almost/not nearly/by no means/not quite/nothing like the biggest/How much did the second most expensive hat coat?
3.表示“最高程度”的形容词，如：
excellent,extreme,perfect等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级。
4.形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词，代词时，被告修饰的词往往省略。
e.g.He is the tallest(boy)in his class.
5.作状语的副词最高级前可以不加宝冠词。
e.g.Of all the boys he came(the)earliest.
中考链接
1.比较级考点
①比较级修饰问题
a little,a bit,even,still,much,a lot,far
等可修饰比较级
e.g.Tom is a little taller than Jim.
This book is much more interesting than that one.
②同级比较
e.g.The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Ii'an.
Our cshool is bigger than yours.
③The+比较级 of the two
e.g.Lucy is fatter of the two girl.
④“a/an+比较级”表示“又一，再一”
e.g.Lily has a doll,but she wants a bigger one.
⑤隐性比较（没有than的情况）
e.g.Who runs faster,Lucy or Lily?
You'd better come earlier next time.He worked hard last term,but he works even harder this term.
⑥越来越……
a.比较级+and+比较级
b.the+比较级+句子，the+比较级+句子
a.e.g.It's getting colder and colder.
The more you exercise,the better you are.
2.最高级考点
说明：形容词的最高级前必须加这the；副词的最高级前省略the。
①范围问题
e.g.Tom is the tallest student in the class.
Spring is the best season of the year.
②“……之一”问题
e.g.Beijing is one of the biggest cities in the world.
③“the+序数词+最高级”
e.g.I think he is the second tallest boy in his class.
3.比较级和最高级的转换
e.g.Tom is the tallest student in the class.=Tom is taller than any other student in the class.=Tom is taller than all the other student in the class.=No other students are taller than Tom.
总结：①any other+名词单数
the other+名词复数
②否定+比较级=最高级
比较级+极限=最高级
同级比较
①as+adj./adv.+as
e.g.She is as thin as Lily.
He writes as carefully as Linda.
②not+as/so+adj./adv.+as
e.g.Tony didn's run so fast as Carter.
4a Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
big  much   popular  long  old  high
1.The Amazon River is one of the (longest)rivers in the world.It's a little(longer)than the Yangtze River.
2.Qomolangma is 8,844.43meters (high).It's one of the most(popular)places for serious mountain climbers.
3.NO ocean in the world is as(big)as(the pacific Ocean).
4.Although Japan is (older)than Canada,it is (much)smaller.
4b write two comparisons about two topics.Wrtie true facts.
e.g.
two riers:the Yangtze River and the Amazon River the Yangtze River is almost as long as the Amazon River.
The Amazon is longer than the Yangtze,but the Yangtze River is the longest river in China.
Two cities:(beijing)and(guangzhou)
1.beijing is larger than Guangzhou.
2.Guangzhou is hotter than beijing.
Two animals:(elphants)and (tigers)
1.Elphants are heavier than tigers.
2.Tiger runs faster than elephants.
Writing
4c Write five questions using comparisons.Then ask your partner your questions.
e.g.
1.What is the highest building in our vity?
2.____________________________________
3.____________________________________
4.____________________________________
5.____________________________________
Homework
1.To memorize the important phrases and sentences.
2.To make some sentences using as……as,times……than,less than,more than.